Tag: congress

Senate Passes the Every Child Achieves Act to Replace No Child Left Behind

Recently, the Senate passed the Every Child Achieves Act to replace No Child Left Behind, which was seven years past the reauthorization date. This bipartisan agreement was shepherded through the Senate by the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Chairman Lamar Alexander (R-Tenn.) and Ranking Member Patty Murray (D-Wash.)

What the Every Child Achieves Act Does

  • Strengthens state and local control – The bill recognizes that states, working with school districts, teachers, and others, have the responsibility for creating accountability systems to ensure all students are learning and prepared for success. These accountability systems will be state-designed but must meet minimum federal parameters, including ensuring all students and subgroups of students are included in the accountability system, disaggregating student achievement data, and establishing challenging academic standards for all students. The federal government is prohibited from determining or approving state standards.

  • Maintains important information for parents, teachers, and communities – The bill maintains the federally required two annual tests in reading and math in grades 3 through 8 and once in high school, as well as science tests given three times between grades 3 and 12. These important measures of student achievement ensure that parents know how their children are performing and help teachers support students who are struggling to meet state standards. A pilot program will allow states additional flexibility to experiment with innovative assessment systems. The bill also maintains annual data reporting, which provides valuable information about whether all students are achieving, including low-income students, students of color, students with disabilities, and English learners.

  • Ends federal test-based accountability – The bill ends the federal test-based accountability system of No Child Left Behind, restoring to states the responsibility for determining how to use federally required tests for accountability purposes. States must include these tests in their accountability systems, but will be able to determine the weight of those tests in their systems. States will also be required to include graduation rates, another measure of academic success for elementary and middle schools, English proficiency for English learners. States may also include other measures of student and school performance in their accountability systems in order to provide teachers, parents, and other stakeholders with a more accurate determination of school performance.

  • Maintains important protections for federal taxpayer dollars –The bill maintains important fiscal protections of federal dollars, including maintenance of effort requirements, which help ensure that federal dollars supplement state and local education dollars, with additional flexibility for school districts in meeting those requirements.

  • Helps states fix the lowest-performing schools – The bill includes federal grants to states and school districts to help improve low-performing schools that are identified by the state accountability systems. School districts will be responsible for designing evidence-based interventions for low-performing schools, with technical assistance from the states, and the federal government is prohibited from mandating, prescribing, or defining the specific steps school districts and states must take to improve these schools.

  • Helps states support teachers –The bill provides resources to states and school districts to implement activities to support teachers, principals, and other educators, including allowable uses of funds for high quality induction programs for new teachers, ongoing rigorous professional development opportunities for educators, and programs to recruit new educators to the profession. The bill allows, but does not require, states to develop and implement teacher evaluation systems.

  • Reaffirms the states’ role in determining education standards – The bill affirms that states decide what academic standards they will adopt, without interference from Washington, D.C. The federal government may not mandate or incentivize states to adopt or maintain any particular set of standards, including Common Core. States will be free to decide what academic standards they will maintain in their states.

ARTICLE BY Bruce H. Stern of Stark & Stark

COPYRIGHT © 2015, STARK & STARK

Senate Democrats Continue To Push For A Budget Deal; House And Senate Continue Appropriations Markups

Senate Democrats Continue to Push for a Budget Deal

In the coming weeks, Senate Democrats will implement a strategy intended to force Republicans into a budget deal. Senate Democratic leadership does not want to rely on President Obama’s vetoes of appropriations bills to force Republicans into negotiations, and will likely prevent any appropriations bills that retain the sequester’s spending limits from reaching the Senate floor. Senate Appropriations Committee Ranking Member Barbara Mikulski (D-MD) said Democrats intend to be at the table during any budget deal negotiations between President Obama and Senate and House Republicans, noting Senate Democrats “are doing everything to force this issue.” Additionally, Senate Democratic Whip Dick Durbin (D-IL) said the plan is to force Republicans to make a deal now, rather than wait until the end of the fiscal year after the President vetoes appropriations measures. He noted that “as long as the Republicans need 60 votes in the Senate and don’t have them, they’ll need Democratic cooperation.”

While the House has been moving appropriations measures at a quick pace, and the Senate has been making progress on their Appropriations Committee markups, the appropriations process could slow down in the coming weeks as Senate Republicans try to bring the Defense Appropriations Bill to the floor (as of the time of writing this report, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) had not yet scheduled floor time for the Defense Appropriations Bill). Democrats are expected to block the measure, as it increases defense spending without increasing non-defense discretionary spending. If Democrats are successful, it could effectively stop further Senate appropriations efforts on the floor, though the Senate Appropriations Committee will likely continue to pass appropriations bills out of committee, laying the groundwork for an omnibus bill later in the year.

This Week’s Hearings:

  • Wednesday, June 17: The Senate Budget Committee will hold a hearing titled “CBO’s Long Term Fiscal Outlook for the Nation.”

  • Wednesday, June 17: The House Budget Committee will hold a hearing titled “Why Congress Must Balance the Budget.”

FY 2016 Appropriations Committee/Subcommittee Markup Hearings

  • Tuesday, June 16: The Senate Appropriations Homeland Security Subcommittee will hold a markup of the FY 2016 Homeland Security Appropriations Bill.

  • Tuesday, June 16: The Senate Appropriations Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Subcommittee will hold a markup of the FY 2016 Interior and Environment Appropriations Bill.

  • Tuesday, June 16: The House Appropriations Committee will hold a markup of the FY 2016 Interior and Environment Appropriations Bill.

  • Wednesday, June 17: The House Appropriations Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Subcommittee will hold a markup of the FY 2016 Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Bill.

  • Wednesday, June 17: The House Appropriations Committee will hold a markup of the FY 2016 Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Bill.

ARTICLE BY Timothy W. Drake & Pamela K. Welsh of Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP
© Copyright 2015 Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP

Lawmakers Respond To Results Of TSA Internal Investigation

Upon news that Transportation Security Administration (TSA) screeners failed to detect prohibited items in 67 out of 70 test cases conducted by U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Inspector General undercover teams, the acting TSA Administrator was reassigned and replaced by Acting TSA Deputy Administrator Mark Hatfield. Undercover agents posed as passengers and attempted to smuggle mock explosives or banned weapons through airport checkpoints.

President Obama has nominated Coast Guard Vice Admiral Peter Neffenger to serve as TSA Administrator and Assistant Secretary at DHS. His nomination is scheduled for consideration by the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee this week, following his approval by the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee last week. DHS Secretary Jeh Johnson also called for a detailed briefing from the DHS Inspector General and directed TSA to implement a series of immediate and near-term actions.

Both House Homeland Security Committee Chairman Mike McCaul (R-TX) and Ranking Member Rep. Bennie Thompson (D-MS) issued statements expressing concerns with TSA’s ability to prevent weapons from getting onto airplanes, calling the test results disturbing and alarming.

The Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee will hold a hearing on TSA oversight with DHS Inspector General John Roth and other government representatives this week, and continued scrutiny from Capitol Hill will certainly follow.

This Week’s Hearings:

  • Tuesday, June 9: The Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee will hold a hearing titled “Oversight of the Transportation Security Administration: First-Hand and Government Watchdog Accounts of Agency Challenges.”

  • Wednesday, June 10: The Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee will hold a hearing to consider the nomination of Vice Admiral Peter Neffenger to serve as Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration and Assistant Secretary at the Department of Homeland Security.

  • Wednesday, June 10: The House Homeland Security Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communication will hold a hearing titled “Defense Support of Civil Authorities: A Vital Resource in the Nation’s Homeland Security Missions.”

ARTICLE BY Ludmilla L. Savelieff & Norma M. Krayem of Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP
© Copyright 2015 Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP

Congress Scrutinizes Iran, as the Deadline for a Final Deal Approaches; Ceasefire Violations in Ukraine Continue; Congress to Hold Hearings on ISIL; The House is Expected to Turn to Trade Measures At Some Point in June

Vice President Mourns Death of Son

Late on Saturday, 30 May, the White House informed the public that Vice President Joseph Biden’s son, Joseph R. “Beau” Biden III , passed away after a two-year battle with brain cancer. He was 46 years old.

Iran

Despite media reports last week that yet another delay may be necessary, the State Department denied another extension may be needed beyond 30 June to conclude a final deal with Iran regarding its nuclear facilities. Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs Wendy Sherman, who leads the U.S. negotiators in the discussions with Iran, announced her resignation last Wednesday. She will continue to lead the U.S. negotiators in the discussions with Iran until a final deal is reached.

Secretary of State John Kerry is returning to Washington early, after concluding a round of talks with Iran and after breaking his leg during a bicycle ride over the weekend in Europe.

On Wednesday 3 June, the Senate Foreign Relations Committee is expected to hold a hearing titled, “Implications Of The Iran Nuclear Agreement For U.S. Policy In The Middle East.” The day before, the Committee will receive a closed briefing on Iran’s nuclear program.

On Tuesday, 2 June, the House Foreign Affairs Committee will hold a hearing titled, “Americans Detained In Iran.”

Russia/Ukraine Crisis

Last Thursday, the State Department criticized reports that the Russian government plans to classify military deaths during special operations in peacetime. Spokesperson Jeff Rathke alleged that the law is a misplaced effort to cover up Russian active duty military personnel fighting and dying in eastern Ukraine, and further serves as a blow to freedom of the press. The United States continues to urge Russia to fully implement the Minsk agreements, warning that otherwise “the costs will continue to rise.” While the media is reporting on a Russian military build-up along eastern Ukraine’s border, the State Department declined to confirm whether the Obama Administration believes that Russia is preparing for a new offensive against Ukraine.

On Wednesday, 27 May, Vice President Biden asserted that U.S. sanctions on Russia must and will remain in place until the Minsk agreements are fully implemented. He expressed hope that European leaders will renew the existing sanctions when they meet at the end of June until the Minsk agreements are fully implemented. He emphasized that in the interim, the United States will continue to expose the truth about Russia’s actions and will coordinate closely with its partners to ensure that further Russian aggression is met with further costs if Russia again moves beyond the line of contact.

Also last Wednesday, NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said that he was deeply troubled by Russia’s escalating rhetoric about its nuclear weapons, as well as increased flights by its nuclear-capable bombers. The Secretary General said that if Russia places nuclear weapons in Kaliningrad, near Poland, or in Crimea, the balance of security in Europe would fundamentally change. President Barack Obama met with Secretary General Stoltenberg last Tuesday and discussed Russia’s increasingly aggressive posture in eastern Ukraine, among other topics.

FIFA

One day after Senators Robert Menendez (D-New Jersey) and John McCain (R-Arizona) sent a letter to the International Federation of Association Football (“FIFA”) Congress encouraging the international soccer governing body reconsider granting a fifth term to President Sepp Blatter, Swiss law enforcement agents arrested top FIFA authorities last week in connection with a U.S. Department of Justice investigation. Nine FIFA officials and several corporate executives have been indicted in New York on charges involving a racketeering conspiracy, as well as wire fraud and money laundering. Much of the attention is focused on Qatar being named host of the 2022 World Cup, but Senators Menendez and McCain were critical of Mr. Blatter for his support of Russia’s successful bid for the event in 2018.

Last Thursday, State Department Spokesperson Rathke denied that a recent U.S. Department of Justice investigation against FIFA leadership is an attempt by the US to influence the organization’s internal processes, including its selection of Russia as host of the 2018 World Cup. He emphasized that the investigation and its associated indictments are focused on addressing corruption allegations within the organization. While more arrests are expected, Mr. Blatter was re-elected – reportedly without U.S. support – on Friday.

Syria/Iraq Crisis

The U.S. military has started training Syrian opposition fighters in Turkey to combat ISIL, an expected expansion of the program first launched in Jordan several weeks ago.  Secretary Kerry is expected to join by teleconference a meeting in Paris this Tuesday of Foreign Ministers who are part of the coalition against ISIL.

On Wednesday, 3 June, the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Middle East will hold a hearing titled, “U.S. Policy Towards ISIL After Terror Group Seizes Ramadi and Palmyra.”

On Tuesday, 2 June, the House Foreign Affairs Terrorism Subcommittee will hold a hearing to review the State Department’s Counterterrorism Bureau.

Africa

On Thursday, 4 June, the Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Africa will hold a hearing entitled, “Security Assistance in Africa.”

On Wednesday, 3 June, the House Foreign Affairs Africa Subcommittee will hold a hearing titled, “The Future of U.S.-Zimbabwe Relations.”

South China Sea

At the International Institute for Strategic Studies Summit in Singapore over the weekend, Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter said about China’s activities in the South China Sea:

“Turning an underwater rock into an airfield simply does not afford the rights of sovereignty or permit restrictions on international air or maritime transit.”

House June Agenda – Trade Measures Ahead

House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy (R-California) released a Memorandum last Friday outlining his chamber’s June agenda. While the agenda does not definitively state when, the House is expected to consider: (1) Trade Promotion Authority (TPA); (2) Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA); (3) a trade preferences measure (AGOA/GSP/Haiti program); and (4) a customs measure.

House Majority Leader McCarthy notes in the “Additional Items” section of the Memorandum:

“To preserve American interests abroad, grow our economy, and increase commerce, the House will likely consider H.R. 1314, The Trade Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015 (as amended by the Senate), which reauthorizes Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) and strengthens Congress’ role in trade policy. When TPA is considered, the House will also consider the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015 and the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015.” (Emphasis added).

Customs Measure

In a letter dated 22 May to Senate Finance Committee Chairman Orrin Hatch (R-Utah) and Ranking Member Ron Wyden (D-Oregon), House Ways and Means Committee Chairman Paul Ryan (R-Wisconsin) said he intends to include four amendments in the House version of a customs and enforcement bill (H.R. 1907) that failed to advance in the Senate’s version of the TPA bill. These changes include:

  1. Trade remedy law changes championed by Senators Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio) and Rob Portman (R-Ohio), currently pending in the House as H.R. 2523.

  2. Compromise language on human trafficking originally offered by Senator Robert Menendez (D-New Jersey).

  3. An immigration-related amendment originally offered by Senators Ted Cruz (R-Texas) and Hatch.

  4. An amendment championed by Senator Dan Sullivan (R-Alaska) that would create a principal negotiating objective regarding opportunities for U.S. exports in fish, seafood and shellfish.

Despite an International Monetary Fund assessment that China’s currency is no longer undervalued, some argue a provision to address foreign currency manipulation is still needed.

Trans-Pacific Partnership

Chief negotiators of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) continued negotiations in Guam last week, though a lack of TPA remains a significant obstacle to concluding some of the agreement’s more complex chapters. Meanwhile, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs Daniel Russell said on 27 May that the United States welcomes the Republic of Korea’s interest in joining the TPP in the future. On 26 May, the White House announced that President Barack Obama would welcome Korean President Park Geun-hye to the White House on 16 June.

Transatlantic Trade & Investment Partnership

Last Thursday, the European Parliament’s International Trade Committee passed a non-binding resolution that endorsed inclusion of an investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanism in the Transatlantic Trade & Investment Partnership (TTIP) agreement and also called on the United States to adopt higher labor standards.

Cuba

Last Friday, the Obama Administration formally removed Cuba’s designation as a state sponsor of terrorism. State Department Spokesperson Rathke said,

“The rescission of Cuba’s designation as a State Sponsor of Terrorism reflects our assessment that Cuba meets the statutory criteria for rescission.”

Cuba has been on the list for nearly 30 years.

2015 Climate Investment Reports Released

Last Friday, the State Department began a staggered released of its 2015 Investment Climate Statements. These reports cover more than 175 foreign markets and provide country-specific information and assessments on investment-related laws and other pertinent factors for doing business abroad. U.S. embassies and consulates prepared the statements to assist U.S. companies with making informed decisions regarding investment in foreign markets.

Looking Ahead

Washington will likely focus on the following upcoming matters:

  • 7-8 June: G-7 Summit in Schloss Elmau, Germany

  • 16 June: President Obama will host President Park Geun-hye of the Republic of Korea

  • 24-24 June: NATO Defense Ministerial in Brussels

  • 30 June: US Export-Import Bank charter expires

  • 30 June: P5+1 Talks with Iran deadline to reach a deal

  • 13 July: President Obama to host Conference on Aging

  • [TBD] July: President Obama to travel to Kenya attend the Global Entrepreneurship Summit

  • 15 September: 70th Session of the UN General Assembly (UNGA) opens in New York City

  • 24 September: Pope Francis to address Congress and meet with President Obama

  • 28 September: General debate of the UNGA begins

ARTICLE BY Stacy A. Swanson of Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP
© Copyright 2015 Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP

Congress Begins With Renewed Efforts to Repeal Insurer’s Antitrust Exemption

Dickinson Wright Logo

Early into the 114th Congress, multiple bills have already been introduced that would repeal the insurance industry’s limited antitrust exemption granted by the McCarran-Ferguson Act (15 USC 1011 et seq.).

On January 6, Representative John Conyers (D-Mich.) introduced the “Health Insurance Industry Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2015,” (H.R. 99). The legislation would amend the McCarran-Ferguson Act, which currently provides the insurance industry with an exemption from the federal antitrust laws for conduct that is “the business of insurance,” is “subject to state regulation,” and does not constitute “an act of boycott, coercion or intimidation,” (15 USC 1013), by removing the exemption for health insurers and medical malpractice insurers. Notably, the bill would not eliminate the exemption with respect to other lines of insurance, and is similar to McCarran repeal bills that Representative Conyers has introduced in prior sessions of Congress. Representative Conyers has previously stated that his bill would “end the mistake Congress made in 1945 when it added an antitrust exemption for insurance companies.”

Subsequently, on January 22, Representative Paul Gosar (R-Ariz.), who was a practicing dentist for many years, introduced similar McCarran repeal legislation, entitled the “Competitive Health Insurance Reform Act of 2015” (H.R. 494). Representative Gosar’s bill would only eliminate the exemption as to health insurers. In introducing his legislation, Representative Gosar stated that “Since the passage of Obamacare, the health insurance market has expanded into one of the least transparent and most anti-competitive industries in the United States,” and that there is “no reason in law, policy or logic for the insurance industry to have a special exemption” from the antitrust laws.

Both H.R. 99 and H.R. 494 have been referred to the House Judiciary Committee for further action. Whether these bills will gain traction this Congress remains to be seen, but the fact that the bill has supporters on both sides of the aisle certainly increases the chances that the legislation will, at a minimum, be considered by the House Judiciary Committee (which failed to take up similar legislation in the 113th Congress).

ARTICLE BY

James M. Burns
OF
Dickinson Wright PLLC

Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) Reauthorization On The House Floor This Week

Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP law firm

Legislative Activity

ESEA Reauthorization Bill to be Considered on the House Floor this Week

The education community continues to analyze H.R. 5, the Student Success Act, which the House Education and the Workforce Committee approved and reported to the House prior to the Congressional recess. Echoing the White House report criticizing H.R. 5 released last week, an estimate published by the Council of the Great City Schools also described the negative effect H.R. 5’s Title I portability measures would have on school districts.

In response to the White House’s report, Chairman John Kline (R-MN) accused the White House of using “scare tactics and budget gimmicks to kill K-12 education reform.” Rep. Kline believes his legislation provides states and families with greater flexibility to meet student needs.

The House Committee on Rules recently announced that it will meet next week to grant a rule that could limit the amendment process for floor consideration of H.R. 5. The announcement also stated that amendments to H.R. 5 are due to the committee by Monday afternoon. The bill will be brought to the floor for debate on Wednesday and Thursday and a final vote is scheduled for Friday.

Senate HELP Committee Will Hold Hearing on Burdensome Regulations

Last week, the Task Force on Federal Regulation of Higher Education published a report identifying 10 regulations/regulatory areas that are most burdensome to institutions of higher education due to cost, complexity, lack of relevance, and for having duplicative requirements. On Tuesday, the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pension (HELP) Committee will hold a hearing on the report and will hear testimony from two members of the Task Force – William Kirwan, Chancellor of the University System of Maryland, and Nicholas Zeppos, Chancellor of Vanderbilt University. In addition to these witnesses, the Senate HELP Committee members that led this effort, including Chairman Lamar Alexander (R-TN), Barbara Mikulski (D-MD), Richard Burr (R-NC), and Michael Bennet (D-CO), plan to testify.

This is the first hearing of the 114th Congress related to HEA reauthorization. The Senate HELP Committee may hold other hearings on HEA this year before it drafts legislation. The House is expected to introduce a bill as early as March.

Senators Question Department of Education’s Enforcement of Title IX

Last week, Senators Barbara Boxer (D-CA) and Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) sent a letter to Secretary of Education Arne Duncan asking for information on the Department of Education’s enforcement of Title IX and the Clery Act. Specifically, the Senators requested information on the number of complaints received over the past five years, the number of investigations conducted in response to those complaints, the average length of time it takes to complete investigations, the penalties the agency has imposed, and what procedures are used to protect students from sexual assault. Both Senators have been leaders on issues related to campus sexual assault and will likely reintroduce the Campus Accountability and Safety Act (CASA) in the 114th Congress. Additionally, Senator Boxer plans to reintroduce the Survivor Outreach and Support Campus Act (SOS Campus Act) this week.

This Week’s Hearings

  • Tuesday, February 24: The Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee will hold a hearing titled “Recalibrating Regulation of Colleges and Universities: A Report from the Task Force on Government Regulation of Higher Education.”

Regulatory Activity

Federal Agencies Continue to Focus on Preventing Campus Sexual Assault

Last week, the Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) opened new Title IX investigations at the University of Connecticut and the State University of New York at Brockport. To date, OCR is conducting 102 Title IX sexual violence investigations at 97 colleges and universities.

Additionally, the Department of Justice’s National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and the White House’s Office on Violence Against Women recently announced that they are seeking applications for grants to research and identify “promising practices” in campus investigation and judicial decision making involving student sexual assault, both for “victim impact and offender accountability.” This is in response to a recommendation from the White House Task Force to Protect Students From Sexual Assault to improve understanding of policies and practices regarding investigation and adjudication of sexual assaults on college campuses. Grant applications are due April 6, 2015.

First in the World 2015 Priorities

The Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE) has made available its proposed Priorities, Requirements, Selection Criterion and Definitions for the First in the World (FITW) program grants. The Department summarizes the proposal as follows:

These priorities, requirements, selection criterion, and definitions would enable the Department to focus the FITW program on identified barriers to student success in postsecondary education and advance the program’s purpose to build evidence for what works in postsecondary education through development, evaluation, and dissemination of innovative strategies to support students who are at risk of failure in persisting in and completing their postsecondary programs of study.

The proposal is scheduled to be published in the Federal Register Monday, with the deadline for submitting comments 30 days later. The FIPSE office hopes to review comments on the priorities, selection criteria, and definitions and finalize the application by the end of March or early April. Once these priorities have been set, the Department will make the FY 2015 FIPSE funding opportunity announcement as early as May.

ARTICLE BY

Amy Budner Smith
Dana T. Weekes
Amy F. Davenport
OF
Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP

Sponsors of Net Neutrality Bill Receive Thousands from Internet Service Providers

MapLight, a nonprofit and political research organization

Late last month, Rep. Fred Upton (R-MI) and Rep. Greg Walden (R-OR) held a hearing to discuss congressional action on net neutrality.  The representatives, who chair House committees that oversee the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), also released an early draft of a bill to regulate the open flow of information on the Internet.

Rep. Greg Walden (R-OR) pictured in foreground
Rep. Greg Walden (R-OR) pictured in foreground. Image source: House GOP Leader/Flickr

Consumer advocates have argued the draft proposal fails to adequately regulate net neutrality, and instead voiced support FCC Commissioner Tom Wheeler’s efforts to regulate the internet like a utility.  The FCC isscheduled to vote on Commissioner Wheeler’s proposal on Feb. 26.

Campaign Contributions: MapLight analysis of campaign contributions from employees and political action committees (PACs) of the four largest internet service providers in the United States, AT&T, Comcast, Time Warner Cable, and Verizon Communications, to the campaign committees of Rep. Fred Upton (R-MI) and Greg Walden (R-OR) during the 2014 election cycle.

Member Amount Received
AT&T Comcast Time Warner Cable Verizon Communications Total
Rep. Fred Upton (R-MI) $10,000 $37,600 $21,500 $30,400 $99,500
Rep. Greg Walden (R-OR) $5,000 $32,050 $14,500 $5,250 $56,800
Total $15,000 $69,650 $36,000 $35,650 $156,300

  • The top four internet service providers, AT&T, Comcast, Time Warner Cable, and Verizon Communications, contributed $156,300 to Rep. Fred Upton (R-MI) and Rep. Greg Walden (R-OR) during the 2014 election cycle.

  • The four companies contributed $99,500 to Rep. Upton.

  • The four companies contributed $56,800 to Rep. Walden.

  • The top contributor, Comcast, contributed $69,650 to the two chairmen during the 2014 election cycle.

To view lobbying data for AT&T, Comcast, Time Warner Cable, and Verizon Communication please click here.

Campaign Contributions Methodology: MapLight analysis of campaign contributions to Rep. Fred Upton (R-MI) and Rep. Greg Walden (R-OR) from PACs and employees of the AT&T, Comcast, Cox Communications, Time Warner Cable, and Verizon Communications, the four largest internet service providers in the United States, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2014. Contributions data source: Federal Election Commission

The Individual Taxpayer Implications of the Tax Extenders in H.R. 5771

McBrayer, McGinnis, Leslie and Kirkland, PLLC

Every year for the past several years, Congress has passed a series of what are referred to as “tax extenders” – reinstatements of tax deductions and credits that have expired before the current tax year. It did so again in 2014, renewing several key tax breaks for individuals that apply exclusively to the 2014 tax year.

  • Taxpayers with forgiven mortgage debt on their principle residence can now exclude up to $2 million of that discharged debt from gross income. Traditionally, discharged debt of any kind qualifies as income to the taxpayer and is taxed accordingly.

  • For tax purposes, mortgage insurance premiums are treated the same way as mortgage interest payments and are deductible.

  • Energy efficient improvements to homes qualify for a tax credit of up to $500 (a direct reduction in tax liability). Upgraded air conditioning and heat pump systems, new windows,

  • Residents in states without an income tax received a gift in the form of an extension of a provision that allows taxpayers to choose to deduct state and local sales taxes rather than state and local income taxes. This itemized deduction can be calculated using a calculator provided by the IRS to estimate sales tax paid throughout the year.

  • College students or parents of college students with income of up to $65,000 for a single taxpayer or $130,000 for taxpayers filing jointly who pay higher education expenses are eligible for an above-the-line deduction of up to $4000. That deduction drops to $2,000 for those with income between $65,000 and $80,000 (single) or between $130,000 and $160,000 (joint). Those with incomes above those amounts are not eligible for the deduction.

  • Individuals who are 70 ½ and older can make tax-free distributions to certain public charities from their IRAs. Distributions of up to $100,000 are eligible.

  • Elementary and secondary school teachers who purchased educational items out-of-pocket for their classrooms are eligible for a $250 above-the-line deduction.

ARTICLE BY

Matthew Koch
OF
McBrayer, McGinnis, Leslie and Kirkland, PLLC

This Week in Congress – February 2, 2015 re: 2016 Budget Proposal, DHS, and more

Covington_NL

President Obama will release his Fiscal Year (FY) 2016 budget proposal today, requesting roughly $4 trillion in spending for the upcoming year and specifying the Administration’s views on how and from what sources the federal government should be raising money and how and on what it should be spending it for the fiscal year beginning October 1.  The President’s budget sets off a fiscal showdown with the Republican-led Congress, whose members generally view the Administration’s proposals as higher taxes and higher government spending.  Many of President Obama’s cabinet members will be on Capitol Hill this week and in the coming weeks, testifying before House and Senate committees as to the merits of the budget proposal and highlighting areas of potential compromise as Congress develops its own budget for FY 2016.  Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew will be before the House Ways and Means and Senate Budget Committees on Tuesday, while IRS Commissioner John Koskinen will be before the Senate Finance Committee.  On Wednesday, Shaun Donovan, Director of the Office of Management and Budget, is scheduled to appear before the House Budget Committee and Sylvia Mathews Burwell, Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, appears before the Senate Finance Committee.  In addition, the Senate Armed Services Committee will hold the confirmation hearing this week for Ashton Carter to serve as Secretary of Defense.  With Committee Chairman John McCain’s strong desire for increased defense spending, the budget will no doubt be front and center in that hearing as well.

The House of Representatives returns to legislative business on Monday taking up three bills concerning programs at the Department of Homeland Security.  On Tuesday, the House will vote on H.R. 596, a bill that would repeal the Affordable Care Act while directing House committees to develop alternatives.  Since the Affordable Care Act was signed into law in 2010, Congress has voted 54 times on measures to repeal, revamp, or make technical changes to it.  On Wednesday, members will consider H.R. 50, the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2015, sponsored by Rep. Virginia Foxx.  This legislation, which passed the House in 2014 by a vote of 234-176, would impose stricter requirements for how and when federal agencies must disclose the cost of federal mandates and equips both Congress and the public with tools to determine the true costs of regulations.  On Thursday, the House will vote on H.R. 527, the Small Business Regulatory Flexibility Improvements Act of 2015, sponsored by Representative Steve Chabot, which requires federal agencies to consider the economic effects of regulations on small business before imposing overly burdensome mandates that prevent growth and job creation.  This legislation has also passed the Republican-controlled House in the two previous Congresses.

The Senate returns on Monday and is expected to vote on H.R. 203, the Clay Hunt Suicide Prevention for American Veterans Act, a bill that the House passed unanimously.  The bill would require annual evaluations of the Department of Veterans Affairs’ mental health and suicide prevention programs.  The Senate will then seek to turn to H.R. 240, an appropriations bill that will fund the Department of Homeland Security for the remainder of 2015; the current budget for DHS expires  Feb. 27. While the bill provides $40 in funding for DHS, it also blocks any of the funds from being used to carry out President Obama’s new immigration and deportation policy announced in an executive order last November.  President Obama has pledged to veto the measure if the immigration rider is included.  Leader McConnell is unlikely to be able to get the 60 votes needed on cloture on the motion to proceed to the appropriations bill.  Once the cloture vote fails, he will need to figure out an alternative means of considering the legislation.  He has put a clean Democratic DHS appropriations bill on the Senate Calendar under Rule 14, so moving to that bill after the failed cloture vote is one possibility.

In addition to the hearings focused on the President’s budget and on the Defense Secretary nomination, a list of other key congressional hearings this week is included below:

 Feb. 3

 House Committees

Global Threat Assessment
House Armed Services
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 3, 10 a.m., 2118 Rayburn Bldg.

Flu Preparation and Prevention
House Energy and Commerce – Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 3, 10 a.m., 2123 Rayburn Bldg.

U.S. Interests in Western Hemisphere
House Foreign Affairs – Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 3, 11 a.m., 2172 Rayburn Bldg.

Immigration Law Assessment
House Judiciary
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 3, 11 a.m., 2141 Rayburn Bldg.

Inspectors General Oversight
House Oversight and Government Reform
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 3, 10:15 a.m., 2154 Rayburn Bldg.

NSF Research Facility Oversight
House Science, Space and Technology – Subcommittee on Oversight; House Science, Space and Technology – Subcommittee on Research and Technology
Committee Joint Hearing
Feb. 3, 10 a.m., 2318 Rayburn Bldg.

Energy and Transportation Issues
House Transportation and Infrastructure – Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines and Hazardous Materials
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 3, 10 a.m., 2167 Rayburn Bldg.

Fiscal 2016 Budget Issues – Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew
House Ways and Means
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 3, 10 a.m., 1300 Longworth Bldg.

Airport Access Control Measures
House Homeland Security – Subcommittee on Transportation Security
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 3, 2 p.m., 311 Cannon Bldg.

Wounded Warrior Program
House Armed Services – Subcommittee on Military Personnel
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 3, 3:30 p.m., 2118 Rayburn Bldg.

Senate Committees

Military Compensation and Retirement Modernization Commission
Senate Armed Services
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 3, 9:30 a.m., G-50 Dirksen Bldg.

Fiscal 2016 Budget – Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew
Senate Budget
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 3, 10 a.m., 608 Dirksen Bldg.

U.S.-Cuba Relations
Senate Foreign Relations – Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere, Transnational Crime, Civilian Security, Democracy, Human Rights and Global Women’s Issues
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 3, 10 a.m., 419 Dirksen Bldg.

IRS Fiscal 2016 Budget Request – John Koskinen, Commissioner, Internal Revenue Service
Senate Finance
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 3, 10:30 a.m., 215 Dirksen Bldg.

No Child Left Behind and Student Needs
Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 3, 10 a.m., 216 Hart Bldg.

Joint Committees
Veterans Affairs Issues
House Veterans’ Affairs; Senate Veterans’ Affairs
Committee Other Event
Feb. 3 TBA, Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont Ave. NW

Feb. 4

House Committees

Military Compensation and Retirement Commission
House Armed Services
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 4, 10 a.m., 2118 Rayburn Bldg.

Fiscal 2016 Budget Issues – Shaun L.S. Donovan, Director, Office of Management and Budget
House Budget
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 4, 10:30 a.m., 210 Cannon Bldg.

U.S. Schools and Workplaces
House Education and the Workforce
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 4, 10 a.m., 2175 Rayburn Bldg.

HUD Ethical Oversight
House Financial Services – Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 4, 10 a.m., 2167 Rayburn Bldg.

U.S.-Cuba Policy Assessment
House Foreign Affairs
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 4, 10 a.m., 2172 Rayburn Bldg.

Legal Workforce Act
House Judiciary – Subcommittee on Immigration and Border Security
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 4, 10 a.m., 2141 Rayburn Bldg.

Furthering Asbestos Claim Transparency Act
House Judiciary – Subcommittee on Regulatory Reform, Commercial and Antitrust Law
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 4, 1 p.m., 2141 Rayburn Bldg.

Palestinian Authority and International Criminal Court
House Foreign Affairs – Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 4, 2 p.m., 2172 Rayburn Bldg.

Senate Committees

Secretary of Defense Nomination
Senate Armed Services
Full Committee Confirmation Hearing
Feb. 4, 9:30 a.m., G-50 Dirksen Bldg.

HHS Fiscal 2016 Budget Request – Sylvia Mathews Burwell, Secretary, United States Department of Health and Human Services
Senate Finance
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 4, 10 a.m., 215 Dirksen Bldg.

Cybersecurity and Private Sector Issues
Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 4, 10 a.m., 253 Russell Bldg.

Implications of Immigration Action
Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 4, 10 a.m., 342 Dirksen Bldg.

Vessel Discharge Regulations
Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation – Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries and Coast Guard
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 4, 2:30 p.m., 253 Russell Bldg.

Indian Affairs Legislation
Senate Indian Affairs
Full Committee Markup
Feb. 4, 2:30 p.m., 628 Dirksen Bldg.

Loan Leveraging Issues
Senate Indian Affairs
Full Committee Oversight Hearing
Feb. 4, 2:30 p.m., 628 Dirksen Bldg.

Financial Exploitation of Seniors
Senate Special Aging
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 4, 2:15 p.m., 562 Dirksen Bldg.

Joint Committees

Proposed Waters Rule
Senate Environment and Public Works; House Transportation and Infrastructure
Committee Joint Hearing
Feb. 4, 10 a.m., HVC-210 Capitol Visitor Center

Feb. 5

House Committees

Drinking Water Protection Act
House Energy and Commerce – Subcommittee on Environment and the Economy
Subcommittee Hearing
Feb. 5, 10 a.m., 2123 Rayburn Bldg.

Senate Committees

Treasury Fiscal 2016 Budget Request – Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew
Senate Finance
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 5, 10 a.m., 215 Dirksen Bldg.

Joint-Employer Standard
Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions
Full Committee Hearing
Feb. 5, 10 a.m., 430 Dirksen Bldg.

Judiciary Issues

Senate Judiciary
Full Committee Business Meeting
Feb. 5, 10:30 a.m., 226 Dirksen Bldg.

Kaitlyn McClure, Covington & Burling LLP Policy Advisor, co-authored this post.

ARTICLE BY

Richard A. Hertling
OF
Covington & Burling LLP

Havana Hold Your Hand: Reaching Out to Cuban Entrepreneurs

Sheppard Mullin Law Firm

New regulations on Cuba enter into force today, only 29 days after President Obama promised them. The liberalized provisions focus on support for private sector actors in Cuba.

As we described here, the President announced on December 17, 2014 that his administration would release regulations liberalizing the rules on travel, financial services, remittances, and other areas. Today those provisions are a reality. Both the U.S. Departments of Commerce and Treasury issued regulations today. The Commerce Federal Register notice is available here; OFAC’s notice is available here.

CubaAs a result, the United States is now “one step closer to replacing out-of-date policies” on Cuba, said Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew. Specifically, the new regulations include these provisions:

  • New general license for exports of goods to entrepreneurs. The newly created License Exception SCP (for “Support for the Cuban People”) includes specific authorization to export to Cuba the following items so long as the items are designated as EAR99 or are controlled on the U.S. Commerce Control List for antiterrorism reasons only:

(1) Building materials, equipment, and tools for use by the private sector;

(2) Tools and equipment for private sector agricultural activity; or

(3) Tools, equipment, supplies, and instruments for use by private sector entrepreneurs.

  • General license for telecommunication equipment. License Exception SCP also permits export of items for telecommunications, including access to the Internet, use of Internet services, infrastructure creation and upgrades.

  • Financial transactions. Accepting payment for authorized exports is permitted. Under existing OFAC regulation, all transactions ordinarily incident to lawful exports are authorized.

  • Travel to Cuba: Transactions incident to travel within 12 categories are permitted, including travel for educational activities (including people-to-people travel), journalistic and religious activities, professional meetings, and humanitarian projects. The travel must fulfill all the explicit provisions of the general licenses set forth in the regulations. Travel for tourist activities remains prohibited by statute, and will not be permitted under these general licenses.

  • Travel services: Travel agents and airlines may provide authorized travel and carrier services.

  • Credit and Debit Cards: U.S. credit and debit cards may be used in Cuba for travel-related and other transactions, and U.S. financial institutions are permitted to enroll merchants and process such transactions.

  • Per Diems: The per diem limitation on authorized travelers’ spending in Cuba has been eliminated.

  • Imports: Authorized travelers may import into the United States up to $400 worth of goods from Cuba (including up to a total of $100 in alcohol or tobacco products).

  • Microfinancing: Microfinancing projects for humanitarian purposes are permitted, so long as they do not violate the existing ban on certain loans involve Cuban-government confiscated property.

  • Family remittances:  Remittances of up to $2,000 in any consecutive three-month period are now permitted.  Authorized travelers to Cuba may carry up to $10,000 in total remittances. Additionally, banking institutions, including U.S.-registered brokers or dealers in securities and U.S.-registered money transmitters, are authorized to provide services in connection with the collection or forwarding of remittances to Cuba.

  • Correspondent Accounts: U.S. depository institutions are authorized to open correspondent accounts at Cuban financial institutions to facilitate the processing of authorized transactions.

  • “Cash in Advance” Interpretation: The regulatory interpretation of “cash in advance” is revised from “cash before shipment” to “cash before transfer of title or control” to allow expanded financing options for authorized exports to Cuba.

  • Telecommunications: Transactions to provide commercial telecommunications services that link third countries to Cuba and within Cuba are generally authorized.

  • Transactions with Cuban Nationals Outside of Cuba: U.S.-owned or -controlled entities in third countries may provide, with some limitations, services (and goods) to Cuban nationals in third countries.  The accounts of Cuban nationals who have permanently relocated outside of Cuba are unblocked.

  • Insurance: A new interpretation permits the provision of health insurance, life insurance, and travel insurance and related services to authorized travelers.

Some critics in Congress have questioned the legality of the President’s actions, citing the myriad statutes that constitute the Cuban embargo (including things like the Trading with the Enemy Act, the LIBERTAD Act, and the Cuban Democracy Act). But all the new provisions published today appear carefully crafted to stay within the President’s powers, and not to fall afoul of those many statutory boundaries of the decades-old embargo. For more fundamental change, we must await legislative action.

ARTICLE BY

J. Scott Maberry
Fatema K. Merchant
OF
Sheppard, Mullin, Richter & Hampton LLP