On January 9, 2025, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals decided the case of Tennessee v. Cardona, vacating the 2024 Title IX regulations nationwide. The court ruled that the issuance of the 2024 regulations exceeded the Department of Education’s authority and was unconstitutional on multiple grounds.

The ruling may be appealed, but for now, institutions covered by Title IX should revert to compliance with their policies in effect under the 2020 Title IX regulations.

The 2024 Title IX regulations, which took effect on August 1, 2024, had faced several challenges that led to injunctions with varying geographic scopes. As a result, prior to the Cardona decision, the Title IX regulations were only effective in about half of the states across the U.S.