Category: Immigration

Federal Court Upholds Validity of 2011 H-2B Prevailing Wage

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The Temporary Non-agricultural Employment 2011 H-2B Wage Rule for calculating the prevailing wage rates (“Rule”) has cleared one of the last hurdles to implementation by the U.S. Department of Labor, with a ruling by a federal appeals court in Philadelphia upholding the regulation.  The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit held on February 5 that the DOL has authority to make rules regulating the H-2B program, that the Rule was lawfully promulgated and that it did not violate the Administrative Procedure Act or the Immigration and Naturalization Act.  The lawsuit was brought by employer associations that recruit H-2B workers and stand to face higher labor costs as a result of the Rule.  The case is La. Forestry Ass’n v. Sec’y United States DOL, 2014 U.S. App. LEXIS 2167 (3d Cir. Feb. 5, 2014).

The Rule (76 Fed. Reg. 3,452 (Jan. 19, 2011) (codified at 20 C.F.R. § 655.10)) eliminated the “four-tier wage methodology” in favor of the mean Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) wage for each occupational category, and established a wage calculation regime wherein the prevailing wage is the highest of the applicable collective bargaining agreement(s), the rate established under the DBA[???] or Service Contract Act, or the OES mean.  It also barred use of employer-submitted surveys if the prevailing wage can be determined based on OES data or the rates established under the DBA or SCA. According to DOL’s estimates, “the change in the method … will result in a $4.83 increase in the weighted average hourly wage for H-2B workers and similarly employed U.S. workers[,]” and a total annual transfer cost of $847.4 million.

This Third Circuit decision is welcomed by DOL, which has faced numerous court challenges in its efforts to promulgate new H-2B rules since 2008.  The 2011 H-2B Wage Rule was published in response to an August 2010 court order enjoining the agency from implementing its 2008 H-2B wage rule on the ground that it violated the APA, promulgated without seeking public comment.   The court ordered the DOL to promulgate new, APA-compliant rules.

Even though DOL published the 2011 Rule within the time ordered, its implementation has been held up by court action and by Congressional “appropriations concerns” denying DOL funding.  DOL continued to use its 2008 rule.  This was challenged and in March 2013, a federal district court vacated the 2008 wage rule and permanently enjoined the agency form implementing it (see www.globalimmigrationblog.com/2013/03).  The court gave the DOL 30 days to comply.  As a result, DOL and USCIS published a joint interim final rule in April 2013 that established a new methodology for calculating H-2B prevailing wages (seewww.globalimmigrationblog.com/2013/04), which DOL indicated would be effective only until the 2011 H-2B Wage Rule took effect.

Since Congress lifted the appropriations ban on the Rule when it enacted the DOL Appropriations Act, 2014 (see Pub. L. 113-76, Div. H, Title I (2014)), we anticipate DOL will now apprise the public of the status of H-2B prevailing wages and the effective date of the Rule by publishing a notice in the Federal Register.

The Third Circuit recognized its decision may lead to  a rift in the courts of appeals.   In Bayou Lawn & Landscape Servs. v. Sec. of Labor, 713 F.3d 1080 (11th Cir. 2013), the Atlanta court affirmed an injunction barring implementation of the interim rule preliminarily, finding DOL had no rulemaking authority over the program.  The Third  Circuit cautioned, however,   that Bayou may not be the last word on the subject from its sister circuit: “The three-member panel in Bayou opined only on whether the District Court abused its discretion…, not on whether the DOL actually has that authority or not….”

Article by:

Otieno B. Ombok

Of:

Jackson Lewis P.C.

 

Prepare Now for Foreign Talent Acquisition: H-1B Cap Demand Projected to Reach Five-Year High

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I. FISCAL YEAR FOR 2015 H-1B CAP

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (“USCIS”) will start accepting new H-1B petitions for Fiscal Year 2015 on Tuesday, April 1, 2014. As such, employers must start identifying current and future employees who will need to be sponsored for new H-1B petitions as soon as possible, as it is likely that this year’s H-1B quota (“H-1B cap”) will be met within one week of it opening and USCIS will then stop accepting new petitions until next year’s H-1B cap opens on April 1, 2015. Once the H-1B cap closes, employers will need to look at alternative visa options for affected employees to assess whether a viable option is available. Please note that only new H-1B petitions are affected; H-1B petitions involving someone who is already in H-1B status or has previously held H-1B status are not affected by the H-1B cap.

By way of background, U.S. businesses use the H-1B program to employ foreign workers in specialty occupations that require theoretical or technical expertise in specialized fields, such as scientists, engineers, or computer programmers. The number of initial H-1B visas available to U.S. employers (the “H-1B cap”) is 65,000, with an additional 20,000 numbers set aside for individuals who have obtained a U.S. master’s degree or higher. This year’s H-1B cap will leave employers unable to secure all of the highly skilled workers needed to remain competitive and will no doubt re-ignite the debate about the need to implement a comprehensive immigration reform.

The rate at which USCIS has received cap-subject H-1B petitions in the past few years has dramatically increased. The usage of the H-1B program is strongly connected to the health of the U.S. economy, and the increase in the H-1B usage rate corresponds with the economic recovery following the 2008 Economic Recession. In keeping with this trend, business immigration practitioners are predicting that the H-1B quota will be reached by the second quarter of 2014, if not much sooner. In fact, it is possible that initial demand for H-1B visas will exceed the 85,000 supply during the first week of the filing season, April 1, 2014 through April 4, 2014.

If USCIS receives more than 85,000 H-1B Cap Petitions during the first week of availability, then a lottery will be conducted to select the petitions that will be processed under this cap. Those petitions not selected in the lottery will be rejected. Should such a rejection occur, an affected foreign national seeking immigration and employment authorization sponsorship with an employer will be unable to obtain an H-1B petition until October 1, 2015 (with the filing season beginning April 1, 2015). Affected foreign nationals may also be required to forego employment with employers and possibly leave the United States.

II. HISTORICAL CONTEXT

As an historical example, in FY 2009 (October 1, 2008 – October 1, 2009), approximately 163,000 H-1B petitions were filed within the five-day filing period at the beginning of April 2008 and a lottery was needed to select the petitions which would enjoy processing under that year’s cap.

Last year, the FY 2014 H-1B cap was reached within the first week of filing. USCIS received a total of 124,000 H-1B petitions and therefore had to conduct a lottery in order to select the petitions needed to meet the regular cap of 65,000 and master’s cap of 20,000.00

The markedly higher demand for H-1B visa petitions in the FY 2014 season is indicative of an improving job market and economy in the United States, and the economy and need for highly skilled workers have picked up over the last year. Accordingly, we project that the demand for H-1B visas this year will be even greater than last year with up to 40% of all H-1B petitions filed by employers rejected by USCIS pursuant to a randomized lottery system.

III. RECOMMENDED ACTION

Based upon the above, we strongly urge employers to file H-1B cap-subject petitions with USCIS on the earliest possible start date in FY 2015: April 1, 2014. This will allow for the mailing of H-1B cap-subject petitions to USCIS on March 31, 2014, for delivery to USCIS on Tuesday, April 1, 2014, the very first day of filing. This will provide the best possible chance for acceptance of the H-1B petition. It can take two to four weeks or more to gather all of the necessary information and documentation and prepare the requisite forms and supporting documentation for filing of an H-1B petition. Therefore, we recommend that H-1B cases should be initiated immediately.

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Department of State Predicts EB-5 Visa Retrogression for China

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Based upon the demand for EB-5 visa numbers and the volume of approved I-526 Petitions, the Department of State has issued a preliminary warning that a cut-off date may need to be established for China. No other countries in the EB-5 category will be impacted. If a cut-off date is established, it will not take effect until sometime after July 2014. This will only affect those born in mainland China and does not apply to those born in Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan.

Despite this preliminary warning, EB-5 investors should think hard before delaying the filing of an I-526 Petition or taking any other actions directly related to the possibility of EB-5 retrogression in China. In December 2012 the Department of State also predicted the establishment of a cut-off for China, but then reversed itself in February 2013. New EB-5 visas will become available on the first day of the next fiscal year, October 1, 2014, and the extremely slow processing of I-526 Petitions could spread the demand for EB-5 visas into the next fiscal year. It is important to note, the slow I-526 Petition processing times has also impaired the ability of the Department of State to predict whether EB-5 visa retrogression will occur.

On the flip side, if U.S. Citizenship & Immigration Services (USCIS) speeds up I-526 processing the possibility of EB-5 visa retrogression will increase. As we have noted before, whether or not EB-5 visa retrogression takes place will have no effect on the processing of I-526 Petitions by USCIS. If the EB-5 visa does retrogress, it will likely delay individuals with approved I-526 Petitions from entering the U.S. and obtaining conditional permanent residency. This also may affect the way jobs are allocated to those EB-5 investors in the regional center context. Furthermore, once an I-526 Petition is approved, a child who is a derivative beneficiary of that I-526 Petition does not receive protection under the Child Status Protection Act. This could result in some children of EB-5 investors “aging out” if an I-526 Petition is approved but there are no EB-5 visas available.

In the regional center context, EB-5 visa retrogression may affect EB-5 investors from other countries. Some regional center projects involve loans which cannot be paid off until each EB-5 investor in that project has had their respective I-829 Petition adjudicated. Similarly, many new commercial enterprises in the regional center context have clauses in their operating agreements which prevent distributions from occurring until every EB-5 investor in that new commercial enterprise has had their respective I-829 Petition adjudicated.

Article by:

Dillon R. Colucci

Of:

Greenberg Traurig, LLP

Department of State Releases February 2014 Visa Bulletin

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Bulletin shows no movement of cutoff dates in the EB-2 and EB-3 India categories; the cutoff dates in the EB-2 and EB-3 China categories show minor forward movement with EB-3 China continuing to move ahead of EB-2 China.

The U.S. Department of State (DOS) has released its February 2014 Visa Bulletin.The Visa Bulletin sets out per-country priority date cutoffs that regulate the flow ofadjustment of status (AOS) and consular immigrant visa applications. Foreign nationals may file applications to adjust their statuses to that of permanent residents or to obtain approval of immigrant visas at U.S. embassies or consulates abroad, provided that their priority dates are before the respective cutoff dates specified by the DOS.

What Does the February 2014 Visa Bulletin Say?

At the end of fiscal year 2013, there were considerable advancements in cutoff dates in the EB-2 and EB-3 India categories. In order to regulate the large increase in demand that followed, these cutoff dates retrogressed significantly in December. In January, there was no movement in cutoff dates for the EB-2 and EB-3 India categories; meanwhile, cutoff dates for the EB-3 China category continued to move ahead of those for the EB-2 China category. The February 2014 Visa Bulletin again indicates no movement in cutoff dates for the EB-2 and EB-3 India categories with continued advancement of cutoff dates for the EB-3 China category ahead of the EB-2 China category.

A cutoff date of September 1, 2013 for individuals in the family-based F2A category from Mexico, as well as a cutoff date of September 8, 2013 for individuals in the F2A category from all other countries, remains in effect.

EB-1: Cutoff dates for all EB-1 categories will remain the same.

EB-2: The cutoff date for individuals in the EB-2 category chargeable to India will remain unchanged from last month at November 15, 2004. The cutoff date for individuals in the EB-2 category chargeable to China will advance by 31 days to January 8, 2009. Cutoff dates for the EB-2 category for all other countries will remain the same.

EB-3: The cutoff date for individuals in the EB-3 category chargeable to India will remain unchanged from last month. The cutoff date for individuals in the EB-3 category chargeable to China will advance by 61 days. The cutoff date for individuals in the EB-3 category chargeable to the Philippines will advance by 59 days. The cutoff date for individuals chargeable to Mexico and the Rest of the World will advance by 61 days.

The relevant priority date cutoffs for foreign nationals in the EB-3 category are as follows:

China: June 1, 2012 (forward movement of 61 days)
India: September 1, 2003 (no movement)
Mexico: June 1, 2012 (forward movement of 61 days)

Philippines: April 15, 2007 (forward movement of 59 days)
Rest of the World: June 1, 2012 (forward movement of 61 days)

Developments Affecting the EB-2 Employment-Based Category

Mexico, the Philippines, and the Rest of the World

The cutoff dates for EB-2 individuals chargeable to all countries other than China and India has been the same since November 2012. The February 2014  Visa Bulletin indicates no change to these categories. This means that EB-2 individuals chargeable to all countries other than China and India may continue to file AOS applications or have applications approved through February 2014.

China

The January 2014 Visa Bulletin indicated a cutoff date of December 8, 2008 for EB-2 individuals chargeable to China. The February 2014 Visa Bulletin indicates a cutoff date of January 8, 2009, reflecting forward movement of 31 days. This means that EB-2 individuals chargeable to China with a priority date before January 8, 2009 may file AOS applications or have applications approved in February 2014.

India

Between August and September 2013, the cutoff date for EB-2 individuals chargeable to India advanced by approximately three and a half years. This was followed in December 2013 by retrogression of the cutoff date by three and a half years to November 15, 2004 due to unprecedented demand for EB-2 visa numbers from applicants chargeable to India. The cutoff date remained unchanged in the January 2014 Visa Bulletin, and the February 2014 Visa Bulletin again indicates no change. This means that only EB-2 individuals chargeable to India with a priority date before November 15, 2004 may file AOS applications or have applications approved in February 2014.

Developments Affecting the EB-3 Employment-Based Category

There were significant advancements in cutoff dates for EB-3 individuals chargeable to most countries in the latter half of 2013. In January, the cutoff date for individuals in the EB-3 category from China, Mexico, and the Rest of the World advanced by 183 days, and the cutoff date for individuals in the EB-3 category chargeable to India remained unchanged.

China

From September through December 2013, the cutoff date for EB-3 individuals chargeable to China advanced by 2.75 years. The January 2014 Visa Bulletin indicated a cutoff date of April 1, 2012, reflecting forward movement of 183 days. The February 2014 Visa Bulletin indicates a cutoff date of June 1, 2012, reflecting additional forward movement of 61 days. This means that EB-3 individuals chargeable to China with a priority date before June 1, 2012 may file AOS applications or have applications approved in February 2014. As noted above, this cutoff date remains later than that imposed for individuals chargeable to China in the EB-2 category.

India

In the January 2014 Visa Bulletin, the cutoff date for EB-3 individuals chargeable to India was September 1, 2003. The February 2014 Visa Bulletin indicates no movement of this cutoff date. This means that EB-3 individuals chargeable to India with a priority date before September 1, 2003 may continue to file AOS applications or have applications approved through February 2014.

Rest of the World

From September through December 2013, the cutoff date for EB-3 individuals chargeable to the Rest of the World advanced by 2.75 years. The January 2014 Visa Bulletin indicated forward movement to April 1, 2012. The February 2014 Visa Bulletin indicates a cutoff date of June 1, 2012, reflecting additional forward movement of 61 days. This means that EB-3 individuals chargeable to the Rest of the World with a priority date before June 1, 2012 may file AOS applications or have applications approved in February 2014.

Developments Affecting the F2A Family-Sponsored Category

In October 2013, a cutoff date of September 1, 2013 was imposed for F2A spouses and children of permanent residents from Mexico, and a cutoff date of September 8, 2013 was imposed for F2A spouses and children of permanent residents from all other countries. There was no movement of these cutoff dates in December or January. The February 2014 Visa Bulletin again indicates no movement. This means that AOS applicants with a priority date that falls on or after the applicable September cutoff date will be unable to file AOS applications or have applications approved in February 2014.

How This Affects You

Priority date cutoffs are assessed on a monthly basis by the DOS, based on anticipated demand. Cutoff dates can move forward or backward or remain the same. Employers and employees should take the immigrant visa backlogs into account in their long-term planning and take measures to mitigate their effects. To see the February 2014 Visa Bulletin in its entirety, please visit the DOS website.

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New Jersey Governor Publicly Signs DREAM Act, Calls Undocumented Students 'An Inspiration'

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On January 7, 2014, the Governor of New Jersey publicly signed the state’s DREAM Act,which provides in-state tuition benefits at public colleges and universities to undocumented graduates of New Jersey high schools. The legislation, which the Governor privately signed last month, emerged from a bipartisan compromise after legislators agreed to remove a provision that would have extended financial aid eligibility to undocumented students. The Governor previously said he would veto the bill if the financial aid provision remained.

Explaining his support for the law, the Governor stated, “Our job I believe as a government is to give every one of these children, who we have already invested hundreds of thousands of dollars in, an opportunity to maximize that investment for their own benefit, for the benefit of their families, and for the benefit of our state and our country.” The Governor also urged students who stand to benefit from the legislation to “make the most of the opportunity,” while a U.S. Senator for New Jersey released a statement describing New Jersey as “a more welcoming and inclusive state for immigrants and their families” due to the new law.

Article by:

Nataliya Binshteyn

Of:

Greenberg Traurig, LLP

Updates from the January 2014 Visa Bulletin

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The Department of State (“DOS”) recently released the January 2014 Visa Bulletin, which contains some very interesting developments that affect foreign workers in the Employment-Based 2nd and 3rd categories, particularly those who are citizens of China. The Visa Bulletin is issued by the DOS on a monthly basis and informs applicants when they are eligible to apply for U.S. Permanent Residence (commonly referred to as “Green Card”). Each fiscal year, each country is issued an equal number of immigrant visa numbers. However, as there are more applicants seeking green cards from certain countries (i.e. India, China, Mexico and Philippines) than there are numbers available, the citizens of affected countries experience significant delays in getting their green cards. This is known as visa retrogression. Affected applicants cannot adjust their statuses to green card holders until the priority dates on their respective cases become current. Each month the DOS publishes the Visa Bulletin, which indicates what priority dates are current and who is eligible to apply for the final stage of the green card process. Wait times published in the Visa Bulletin range from a few months to 10 or more years.

The January 2014 Visa Bulletin is unusual because the EB-3 category is moving faster than the EB-2 category for Chinese citizens. (To qualify for the EB-2 category, the offered position must require a Master’s degree or Bachelor’s degree and five years of experience; EB-3 requires a Bachelor’s degree.) For example, a Chinese national whose EB-3 PERM application was filed on or before March 31, 2012 is now eligible to adjust status, whereas a Chinese national whose EB-2 PERM application was filed on the same date is not. Historically, China EB-2 has moved faster than China EB-3, which is why this month’s visa bulletin is unique. As a result, many employers may see an increase in requests from employees for an EB-3 green card process. If the employee already has an approved EB-2 I-140 (second phase of the employment based green card process), the company can consider filing an amended I-140 and request EB-3 classification while retaining the priority date. If the amended I-140 will make the applicant’s priority date current, the applicant is eligible to concurrently file an Adjustment of Status application (the final phase of the green card process). We’ll continue to monitor Chinese EB-3 movement on this blog. Unfortunately, for Indian nationals we saw no change from the December 2013 to January 2014 Visa Bulletin. The February Visa Bulletin is expected to be released in the next 12 -14 days, and we will report on any pertinent developments.

Employment-Based Visa Bulletin Predictions

The Department of State also issued predictions in Visa Bulletin movement for the next few months. For the EB-2 category, the Department of State predicted no forward movement for India EB-2, slight movement of 3-5 weeks for EB-2 China, and Worldwide will remain current.

For the EB-3 category, the Worldwide category has experienced rapid movement forward, which is expected to end in February 2014. China and Mexico will likely continue to match the Worldwide dates. No forward movement is estimated for India, and the Philippines is projected to have slight movement forward of 3-6 weeks.

EB-1 is expected to remain current.

EB-3 Worldwide, China, and Mexico applicants with a current priority date should consider filing their Adjustment of Status applicants now as EB-3 priority dates may retrogress in the next few months.

December Visa Bulletin (includes DOS projections for upcoming months): http://travel.state.gov/visa/bulletin/bulletin_6211.html

January Visa Bulletin: http://www.travel.state.gov/visa/bulletin/bulletin_6228.html

Article by:

Emily R. Liss

Of:

Greenberg Traurig, LLP

Employers’ Immigration Update – No. 12 December 2013

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H-2B Employers Using Temporary Foreign Workers Not Required to Pay Supplemental Prevailing Wages

In a significant decision likely to have a major impact on H-2B employers, the Department of Labor’s Board of Alien Labor Certification Appeals (BALCA) has rejected the DOL’s attempt to apply supplemental prevailing wage determinations (PWDs) retroactively on employers who use H-2B temporary foreign labor. The action came in an Appeals Board Decision rendered on December 3.

Ninth Circuit Requires Reimbursement of H-2A Expenses

In the latest in a series of decisions addressing the proper allocation of travel and immigration fee expenses between employers and employees utilizing the H-2A agricultural guest worker program, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, in San Francisco, has ruled that an employer must reimburse an H-2A worker for the employee’s travel and immigration expenses in the initial week of employment.

Health History Can Block Entry to U.S.

A disturbing trend appears to have developed in the last few years in admissions review at the Canadian border. U.S. border guards reportedly are barring entry to anyone they deem a threat to themselves, others or their property based on the person’s personal health history. The Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario will “look into the matter to ensure that personal health information isn’t compromised.” One 2011 report states, “More than a dozen Canadians have told the Psychiatric Patient Advocate Office in Toronto within the past year that they were blocked from entering the United States after their records of mental illness were shared with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.”

New E-Verify MOU to be Released

New Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) for E-Verify will be released on December 8, 2013, according to USCIS. Current E-Verify users will not be required to execute a new MOU, but they are bound by any and all enhancements to the E-Verify program, including the new or revised MOU that applies to their access method; therefore, they should become familiar with the new or revised MOU that applies to their access method. Employers who join the E-Verify program on or after December 8, 2013, will execute a new or revised MOU (Revision Date 06/01/2013) during enrollment.

Restaurant Manager Indicted on Harboring Charges

The manager of a restaurant who failed to complete I-9s and provide housing for his workers has been indicted on harboring charges. The manager faces a maximum penalty of 10 years in federal prison and a fine of up to $250,000 for each count in the indictment. These charges illustrate that ICE techniques for worksite enforcement are not limited to I-9 inspections and fines.

 

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Jackson Lewis P.C.

 

Immigration Reform Resurfaces Amid Congressional Breakdown Over Funding and Debt Ceiling

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As the country waits for Congress to resolve the government funding and debt ceiling stalemate, immigration reform simmers in the background. This week, a group of Democrats introduced a Comprehensive Immigration Reform bill, H.R. 15, entitled the “Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act.” This is not the much awaited work product of the secret bi-partisan Gang of 8 (which has now been disbanded), but rather an almost verbatim reproduction of the Senate passed CIR legislation, S. 744. The new House bill does include provisions from the McCaul-Thompson “Border Security Results Act” (H.R. 1417) reported out of the House Homeland Security Committee and passed this summer with bipartisan support. It also removes the Corker-Hoeven border security amendment, which seeks to add approximately 20,000 border patrol agents, more than 700 additional miles of border fencing, a mandatory E-Verify program nationwide, and an entry/exit tracking system for temporary visitors to the United States.

House Republicans on the Judiciary Committee are working through the normal order and are drafting separate bills to address the future of undocumented immigrants in the U.S., as well as new temporary worker provisions for lesser skilled workers. We expect the Judiciary Committee to take up measures on immigration in the next few weeks. We also expect the “Strengthen and Fortify Enforcement (SAFE) Act” (H.R. 2278) and other border security measures to be brought to the House floor this year.

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U.S. Government Shutdown Will Disrupt Many Immigration Processes

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Programs at the Departments of State and Labor are likely to be affected more than others if partial government shutdown occurs on October 1.

The potential U.S. government shutdown on October 1 could have immigration-related consequences, especially for those immigration functions performed by the U.S. Department of State (State) and the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL). These possible implications are set out below.

State Department

Although no official announcements have been made concerning which services would be affected by a shutdown, it is likely that State, which issues visas to foreign nationals at U.S. consular posts abroad, would operate on a severely limited basis. State’s current policy is for consular operations in the United States and abroad to remain 100% operational as long as there are sufficient fees to support operations. Many visa application processes are fee based, so it is possible that some visa issuance could continue based on this separate funding stream. However, a loss of federal funding will likely impact visa processing as fees cover only a portion of the costs associated with visa processing.

In 2011, when there was a similar prospect of a government shutdown, State issued the following advice:

In the consular area, American citizens’ services, emergency visa services (e.g., those for life/death or medical emergencies, humanitarian cases involving minor children, and diplomatic travel) would continue. Basic visa issuance would be severely curtailed.

State also provided the following information:

The Bureau of Consular Affairs, as well as other areas in [State], undertake a combination of excepted and non-excepted activities related to consular services. For the most part, visa and passport functions are not excepted activities, nor do fees entirely cover them. Instead, [State] relies on a mix of fee-funded and appropriation-funded employees and is dependent on support services that would be scaled back or eliminated during a shutdown. Therefore, [State] will not operate these non-excepted functions in the absence of appropriated funding.

In addition, the shutdown of ancillary consular operations, including building support and the employment of local personnel, may impact the delivery of visa services, resulting in cancellation of visa appointments or delays in the processing of visa applications. Accordingly, foreign nationals should be prepared for delays in consular visa processing and, where feasible, may want to consider postponing travel outside the United States if a new visa would be required to reenter the United States.

Processing of immigration visa applications at the National Visa Center will likely continue, as those functions are funded by contract and not a direct federal appropriation. Issuance of the November 2013 Visa Bulletin, which is expected in mid-October, is uncertain and would likely be impacted by a shutdown.

Department of Labor

On September 30, DOL made the following announcement:

Office of Foreign Labor Certification [(OFLC)] functions are not “excepted” from a shutdown and its employees would be placed in furlough status should a lapse in appropriated funds occur. Consequently, in the event of a government shutdown, OFLC will neither accept nor process any applications or related materials (such as audit responses) it receives, including Labor Condition Applications, Applications for Prevailing Wage Determination, Applications for Temporary Employment Certification, or Applications for Permanent Employment Certification. OFLC’s website, including the iCERT Visa Portal System, would become static and unable to process any requests or allow authorized users to access their online accounts.

PERM applications that need to be filed due to expiring recruitment or the need to preserve H-1B AC21 eligibility could presumably be filed by mail if necessary.

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is funded through fee-based petitions and applications and would not likely be affected by the shutdown. In addition, most Customs and Border Protection operations are considered to be essential functions and would not be disrupted. However, if there are staffing cuts, it is possible that there would be some delays in processing applications presented at the U.S. border and at border crossings. There may also be delays in waiver adjudication. We will continue to monitor the situation and will provide updates with any new information.

The E-Verify Program, which is run by USCIS, is not expected to be operational if there is a government shutdown. Employers are advised that a shutdown will not relieve them of their responsibilities; however, as stated in the governing Memorandum of Understanding, “[i]f the automated system to be queried is temporarily unavailable, the 3-day time period is extended until it is again operational in order to accommodate the Employer’s attempting, in good faith, to make inquiries during the period of unavailability.” Should a shutdown occur, the E-Verify public website and the E-Verify log-in page are expected to contain additional guidance for employers.

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It’s Time to Register for the 2015 Diversity Immigrant Visa Lottery!

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On October 1, 2013, the U.S. Department of State will begin accepting requests to register for the 2015 Diversity Immigrant Visa Program (DV-2015), also known as the Green Card Lottery. The Diversity Lottery Program provides a path for foreign nationals to become permanent residents of the United States regardless of whether they have a family member or an employer willing to sponsor them. This program is a success, facilitating the immigration of people from across the globe. If you meet the eligibility requirements and wish to secure permanent residence status in the United States, you should consider registration in the lottery.

Registration begins October 1, 2013

The State Department will open online registration for the DV 2015 Program on Tuesday, October 1, 2013 at 12:00 noon, Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) (GMT-4), and conclude on Saturday, November 2, 2013 at 12:00 noon, Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) (GMT-4). Individuals who meet the eligibility requirements and submit an application during the appointed time will be entered into a lottery from which 55‚000 green card entries will be selected. Applications must be submitted electronically by 12:00 noon EST on Saturday‚ November 2‚ 2013. Detailed instructions are athttp://travel.state.gov/pdf/DV_2015_Instructions.pdf. There is no fee to register for consideration in the lottery. Entries may not be submitted through the U.S. Postal Service.

Am I eligible for a green card if I am selected in the lottery?

Selection in the lottery does not guarantee the applicant a green card; applicants must still meet all standards for admissibility and be able to process their green cards within the allotted time. Immediate family members of successful lottery applicants are eligible for green cards as well, provided they meet the same admissibility standards. Individuals who are selected and eligible for one of the 55,000 visa numbers may either secure an immigrant visa at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate or, if they are in the United States and qualified to do so, adjust their status by filing an application and supporting documentation with United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).

What countries are eligible?

Lottery visas are apportioned to foreign nationals hailing from the following six geographic regions: Africa; Asia; Europe; North America; Oceania; and South America‚ Central America, and the Caribbean. To qualify‚ a foreign national must claim nativity or country of birth in an eligible country and meet certain education or work experience requirements. The purpose of the program is to diversify and encourage immigration from countries that send lower numbers of immigrants to the United States.

Not all countries in the six eligible regions fall within the Green Card Lottery program. Because each of the following countries has sent more than 50‚000 immigrants to the United States in the past five years, natives of these countries will not be eligible for the DV 2015 Lottery: Bangladesh, Brazil, Canada, China (mainland-born), Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Haiti, India, Jamaica, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, South Korea, United Kingdom (except Northern Ireland) and its dependent territories, and Vietnam.

For the coming year, Nigeria was added to this list of countries ineligible for the lottery.

How do I know if I was selected in the lottery?

Official notifications of selection will be made through Entrant Status Check, available starting May 1, 2014, through at least June 30, 2015, on the E-DV website: www.dvlottery.state.gov. Please note that the Department of State does not send selectee notifications or letters by regular postal mail or by e-mail. Any e-mail notification or mailed letter stating that you have been selected to receive a DV does not come from the Department of State and is not legitimate. Any e-mail communication you receive from the Department of State will direct you to review Entrant Status Check for new information about your application.

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