At the EB-5 Stakeholders Meeting in Washington DC on March 3, 2017, USCIS announced that I-526 petitions filed for a regional center project in an area not already within the regional center’s approved geography may be denied if filed on or after December 23, 2016.
Under the newly announced policy, a regional center must first have received approval of its expanded geography before I-526 petitions may be filed. Petitions filed before geographic amendment approval will be deniable due to ineligibility at the time of filing.
The announced policy reverses the policy in the May 30, 2013 USCIS EB-5 Policy Memorandum which states that “formal amendments to the regional center designation, however, are not required when a regional center changes its industries of focus, its geographic boundaries, its business plans, or its economic methodologies” (emphasis added). Notwithstanding, investor petitions filed in reliance upon this written guidance are subject to denial if filed after December 23, 2016.
Why did USCIS use December 23, 2016 as the effective date for this new policy? According to Investor Program Office (IPO) officials present at the March 3 meeting, the instructions to new Form I-924 which became effective on December 23, 2016 should have alerted stakeholders of the change. However, stakeholder surprise and dismay at the March 3 meeting indicate that a policy change announced by instructions on a form is insufficient notice for a full reversal of prior policy by memorandum.
Rather, filing fee increases, filing place address changes, or even changes in filing procedure are more in the vein of changes typically made in new form instructions. Moreover, a form instruction that directly contravenes final written authority, such as the May 2013 Policy Memorandum, cannot itself be said to provide notice of policy change. Finally, while the instructions state that an amendment must be filed to “change the geographic area of a regional center,” the instructions do not also state that associated I-526 petitions must wait until such an amendment is approved. Neither is this requirement made in the instructions to the new Form I-526, also made effective on December 23, 2016.
USCIS may change its policy. However, it must do so transparently. The integrity of EB-5 adjudication is compromised when USCIS changes its policy without notice and applies those changes retroactively, as it has done here. Past examples of retroactive policy changes include denials based on findings of “indebtedness,” “tenant occupancy,” and “material change.” Unfortunately, we now add “unapproved geography” to the list. Hearing stakeholder feedback, USCIS will hopefully either revert to prior policy or at least rescind the December 23, 2016 effective date for a prospective one.
Stakeholder feedback on the March 3 meeting may be sent to ipostakeholderengagement@uscis.dhs.gov.
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